All Four Engines Have Failed: The True and Triumphant Story of Flight BA 009 and the 'Jakarta Incident' by Betty Tootell
Imagine being on a flight from London to Auckland, when suddenly all four engines of your Boeing 747 stop working. You are plunged into darkness, smoke fills the cabin, and you have no idea what is happening or if you will survive. This is what happened to Betty Tootell and 262 other passengers and crew members on British Airways Flight 9 on June 24, 1982.
In her book, All Four Engines Have Failed: The True and Triumphant Story of Flight BA 009 and the 'Jakarta Incident', Betty Tootell recounts her harrowing experience of flying through a volcanic ash cloud that caused the engine failures, and how she and everyone else on board miraculously escaped death. She also shares her personal story of how the incident changed her life and inspired her to write this book.
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Introduction
All Four Engines Have Failed is a book that tells the true story of one of the most remarkable aviation incidents in history. It is written by Betty Tootell, who was one of the passengers on Flight BA 009, also known as Speedbird 9 or the Jakarta Incident.
Betty Tootell was a journalist and a mother of two, who was returning to New Zealand from a holiday in Britain with her mother. She had boarded the flight in Kuala Lumpur, where a new crew had taken over. She had no idea that she was about to face a life-threatening situation that would test her courage, faith, and resilience.
The book is based on her personal recollections, interviews with other passengers and crew members, official reports, and media coverage. It is written in a clear, engaging, and conversational style that makes you feel like you are there with her. It is also full of facts, details, and insights that reveal what happened behind the scenes and what lessons can be learned from this extraordinary event.
The Flight
Flight BA 009 was a scheduled British Airways flight from London Heathrow to Auckland, with stops in Bombay, Kuala Lumpur, Perth, and Melbourne. On June 24, 1982, it was flown by a Boeing 747-200 named City of Edinburgh, with Captain Eric Moody, First Officer Roger Greaves, Engineer Officer Barry Townley-Freeman, and 12 cabin crew members. There were 248 passengers on board, including about 100 New Zealanders.
The flight took off from Kuala Lumpur at 19:23 local time (11:23 UTC) and was cruising at 37,000 feet (11,278 meters) over the Indian Ocean. At around 20:40 local time (12:40 UTC), the crew noticed an unusual effect on the windshield similar to St. Elmo's fire (an atmospheric electric phenomenon). They also saw smoke in the cabin and a sulfur smell. They turned on the engine anti-ice system and the seat belt sign as a precaution.
What they did not know was that they had flown into a cloud of volcanic ash thrown up by the eruption of Mount Galunggung in West Java, Indonesia. The ash particles were hard and abrasive, and they damaged the engines, the fuel system, the electrical system, and the cockpit instruments. The engines began to lose power and eventually failed one by one. The plane became a glider, descending at a rate of 1,500 feet (457 meters) per minute.
The crew tried to restart the engines, but to no avail. They also tried to communicate with the air traffic control in Jakarta, but the radio was jammed by static. They were flying blind and deaf, with no idea where they were or what was happening. They prepared for an emergency landing or a ditching in the ocean.
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The passengers were terrified and confused. Some prayed, some cried, some wrote farewell notes, some held hands. Betty Tootell was sitting in seat 35K, next to her mother. She tried to calm herself and her mother, and to comfort a young girl sitting across the aisle. She also took notes on a napkin, hoping to document her last moments.
Meanwhile, Captain Moody made an announcement that became famous for its understatement: "Ladies and gentlemen, this is your captain speaking. We have a small problem. All four engines have stopped. We are doing our damnedest to get them going again. I trust you are not in too much distress."
He also instructed the crew to perform the emergency drill: "Crew, prepare for crash landing." The crew acted professionally and calmly, following the procedures and reassuring the passengers. They distributed life jackets, secured loose objects, and demonstrated the brace position.
After about 13 minutes of gliding, the plane emerged from the ash cloud at around 13,500 feet (4,115 meters). The crew managed to restart three of the engines and restore some of the power and instruments. They also reestablished contact with Jakarta and requested an emergency landing. They were cleared to land at Halim Perdanakusuma Airport, a military base near Jakarta.
The landing was difficult and tense, as the plane was still damaged and had limited visibility. The crew had to use a combination of visual cues and instrument readings to guide the plane to the runway. They also had to deal with a faulty landing gear indicator, a flap malfunction, and a burst tire. But they managed to land safely at 21:15 local time (13:15 UTC), about 40 minutes after the engine failures.
The passengers and crew were relieved and grateful to be alive. They applauded and cheered as the plane came to a stop. They evacuated the plane quickly and orderly, using the slides and stairs. They were greeted by fire trucks, ambulances, and military personnel on the ground. They were taken to a nearby hangar, where they received medical attention, food, water, and blankets.
The Aftermath
The incident made headlines around the world and became known as the Jakarta Incident or Speedbird 9 (the call sign of Flight BA 009). It was also featured in several documentaries, books, and TV shows.
The investigation revealed that the plane had flown through a cloud of volcanic ash from Mount Galunggung, which was erupting intermittently since April 1982. The ash had caused extensive damage to the plane's systems and components, including:
The engines: The ash melted in the combustion chambers and then solidified on the turbine blades, causing them to stall.
The fuel system: The ash clogged the fuel filters and pumps, reducing the fuel flow.
The electrical system: The ash created static electricity that disrupted the generators and circuits.
The cockpit instruments: The ash interfered with the sensors and indicators, giving false or no readings.
The windshield: The ash abraded and cracked the windshield, reducing the visibility.
The exterior: The ash eroded and pitted the paintwork, metalwork, and lights.
The investigation also praised the crew for their skillful handling of the situation and their successful landing under adverse conditions. The crew received several awards and honors for their bravery and professionalism.
Betty Tootell was among those who praised the crew for saving their lives. She also felt a strong urge to write about her experience and share it with others. She said: "I had been spared for a reason I had been given extra time I must do something worthwhile with it."
She spent several years researching, interviewing, writing, and editing her book All Four Engines Have Failed. She also faced some challenges along the way, such as finding a publisher, dealing with legal issues, and coping with post-traumatic stress disorder. She also faced some criticism from some people who accused her of exaggerating or exploiting the incident. She defended her book as a truthful and respectful account of what happened and how it affected her and others.
She published her book in 1985, and it became a bestseller in New Zealand and Australia. It also received positive reviews from critics and readers, who praised it for its authenticity, clarity, and emotion. It was also translated into several languages, including Indonesian, German, French, and Spanish.
The book is not only a thrilling and inspiring story of survival, but also a valuable source of information and insight into the aviation industry, the volcanic phenomenon, the human psychology, and the cultural diversity. It also raises some important questions and issues about safety, responsibility, communication, and ethics.
Conclusion
All Four Engines Have Failed is a book that you should not miss if you are interested in aviation, volcanoes, or human stories. It is a book that will keep you on the edge of your seat, make you think, and touch your heart. It is a book that will make you appreciate life more and inspire you to make the most of it.
If you want to read this book in PDF format, you can download it from one of these sites:
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Happy reading!
FAQs
What is the Jakarta Incident?
The Jakarta Incident is the name given to the incident involving British Airways Flight 9 on June 24, 1982, when it flew through a volcanic ash cloud from Mount Galunggung in Indonesia and lost all four engines. The plane managed to land safely at Halim Perdanakusuma Airport in Jakarta after gliding for about 13 minutes.
Who is Betty Tootell?
Betty Tootell is a journalist and an author who was one of the passengers on Flight BA 009. She wrote a book about her experience titled All Four Engines Have Failed: The True and Triumphant Story of Flight BA 009 and the 'Jakarta Incident'.
How did the crew restart the engines?
The crew restarted the engines by following the engine relight procedure in the flight manual. They used compressed air from the auxiliary power unit (APU) to spin the engine turbines and ignite the fuel. They also descended to a lower altitude where the air was denser and cooler.
What happened to the plane after the incident?
The plane was repaired and returned to service with British Airways. It was later sold to other airlines and operated until 2004. It was then scrapped at Bournemouth Airport in England.
What are some other books or movies about the incident?
Some other books or movies about the incident are:
Air Crash Investigation: All Engines Failed, a documentary episode by National Geographic Channel that aired in 2005.
Mayday: Miracle Flight, a dramatized TV movie by Granada Television that aired in 2006.
Flying Through Midnight: A Pilot's Dramatic Story of His Secret Missions Over Laos During the Vietnam War, a memoir by John T. Halliday, who was one of the pilots who witnessed Flight BA 009's engine failures from another plane.
Vulcan's Fury: Man Against the Volcano, a book by Alwyn Scarth that covers various volcanic eruptions and their impacts on human history, including Mount Galunggung and Flight BA 009. 44f88ac181
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